Yum을 통한 RPM Package Downgrade 또는 Download

Redhat 계열 Linux 들은 RPM Package를 기반으로한 Yum을 통해 패키지 관리를 수행한다.

 

Yum 통해 특정 패키지를 업데이트후 특별한 사유로 인해(Aplication Level의 의존성 문제등) 원복 및 기존버전으로 Downgrade 가 필요할 경우 아래와 같이 수행 가능하다.

 

 

가. Yum Downgrade

1. yum check-update를 통한 업데이트 패키지 정보확인 (예시 : perl)

 

[root@s-node01 ~]# [root@s-node01 ~]# yum check-update | grep perl perl.x86_64                            4:5.8.8-43.el5_11                updates perl-DBD-Pg.x86_64                     1.49-4.el5_8                     base    perl-XML-SAX.noarch                    0.14-13.el5                      base    [root@s-node01 ~]# [root@s-node01 ~]#

 

 

2. yum 을 통한 해당 패키지 업데이트

 

[root@s-node01 ~]# [root@s-node01 ~]# yum -y update perl Loaded plugins: downloadonly, fastestmirror, priorities, security Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile  * base: data.nicehosting.co.kr  * extras: data.nicehosting.co.kr  * rpmforge: ftp.riken.jp  * updates: data.nicehosting.co.kr Skipping security plugin, no data Setting up Update Process Resolving Dependencies Skipping security plugin, no data --> Running transaction check ---> Package perl.x86_64 4:5.8.8-43.el5_11 set to be updated --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ... 중략 Install       0 Package(s) Upgrade       1 Package(s) Total download size: 12 M Downloading Packages: perl-5.8.8-43.el5_11.x86_64.rpm             |  12 MB     00:10     Running rpm_check_debug                    Running Transaction Test                   Finished Transaction Test                  Transaction Test Succeeded                 Running Transaction                          Repackaging    : perl                                        0/2   Updating       : perl                                        1/2   Cleanup        : perl                                        2/2 Updated:   perl.x86_64 4:5.8.8-43.el5_11                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Complete! [root@s-node01 ~]#

 

 

3. yum 으로 설치된 패키지에 대한 Downgrade 필요시 아래와 같이 수행

 

[root@s-node01 ~]# [root@s-node01 ~]# yum -y downgrade perl Loaded plugins: downloadonly, fastestmirror, priorities, security Setting up Downgrade Process Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile  * base: data.nicehosting.co.kr  * extras: data.nicehosting.co.kr  * rpmforge: ftp.riken.jp  * updates: data.nicehosting.co.kr No Match for available package: 4:perl-5.8.8-41.el5.i386 Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package perl.x86_64 4:5.8.8-42.el5 set to be updated ---> Package perl.x86_64 4:5.8.8-43.el5_11 set to be erased --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ... 중략 Remove        0 Package(s) Reinstall     0 Package(s) Downgrade     1 Package(s) Total download size: 12 M Downloading Packages: perl-5.8.8-42.el5.x86_64.rpm               |  12 MB     00:10     Running rpm_check_debug                    Running Transaction Test                   Finished Transaction Test                  Transaction Test Succeeded                 Running Transaction                          Repackaging    : perl                                       0/2   Installing     : perl                                       1/2   Cleanup        : perl                                       2/2 Removed:   perl.x86_64 4:5.8.8-43.el5_11                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Installed:   perl.x86_64 4:5.8.8-42.el5                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Complete! [root@s-node01 ~]# [root@s-node01 ~]#

 

 

 

나. Yum 을 통해 RPM Package 를 Download후 수작업을 통한 RPM Backup 및 Rollback

 

1. yum downloadonly plug-in 설치 및 plug-in 확인

 

[root@s-node01 ~]# [root@s-node01 ~]# yum --help | grep downloadonly [root@s-node01 ~]# [root@s-node01 ~]# yum list | grep yum-downloadonly This system is not registered with ULN. ULN support will be disabled. yum-downloadonly.noarch                       1.1.16-21.0.1.el5       el5_latest [root@s-node01 ~]# [root@s-node01 ~]# [root@s-node01 ~]# [root@s-node01 ~]# yum -y install yum-downloadonly.noarch Loaded plugins: rhnplugin, security This system is not registered with ULN. ULN support will be disabled. Setting up Install Process Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package yum-downloadonly.noarch 0:1.1.16-21.0.1.el5 set to be updated --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved   ... 중략   Install       1 Package(s) Upgrade       0 Package(s) Total size: 13 k Downloading Packages: Running rpm_check_debug Running Transaction Test Finished Transaction Test Transaction Test Succeeded Running Transaction   Installing     : yum-downloadonly                                 1/1 Installed:   yum-downloadonly.noarch 0:1.1.16 Complete! [root@s-node01 ~]# [root@s-node01 ~]# [root@s-node01 ~]# [root@s-node01 ~]# yum --help | grep download Loaded plugins: downloadonly, rhnplugin, security   --downloadonly        don't update, just download   --downloaddir=DLDIR   specifies an alternate directory to store packages [root@s-node01 ~]# [root@s-node01 ~]#

 

 

2. Yum Repository에서 RPM Package Download (예시 : glibc )

 

[root@s-node01 ~]# [root@s-node01 ~]# yum list | grep glibc This system is not registered with ULN. ULN support will be disabled. compat-glibc.i386                             1:2.3.4-2.26            installed compat-glibc.x86_64                           1:2.3.4-2.26            installed compat-glibc-headers.x86_64                   1:2.3.4-2.26            installed glibc.i686                                    2.5-81                  installed glibc.x86_64                                  2.5-81                  installed glibc-common.x86_64                           2.5-81                  installed glibc-devel.i386                              2.5-81                  installed glibc-devel.x86_64                            2.5-81                  installed glibc-headers.x86_64                          2.5-81                  installed glibc.i686                                    2.5-123.0.1.el5_11.1    el5_latest glibc.x86_64                                  2.5-123.0.1.el5_11.1    el5_latest glibc-common.x86_64                           2.5-123.0.1.el5_11.1    el5_latest glibc-devel.i386                              2.5-123.0.1.el5_11.1    el5_latest glibc-devel.x86_64                            2.5-123.0.1.el5_11.1    el5_latest glibc-headers.x86_64                          2.5-123.0.1.el5_11.1    el5_latest glibc-utils.x86_64                            2.5-123.0.1.el5_11.1    el5_latest [root@s-node01 ~]# [root@s-node01 ~]# [root@s-node01 ~]# yum -y update glibc --downloadonly --downloaddir=/var/tmp Loaded plugins: downloadonly, rhnplugin, security This system is not registered with ULN. ULN support will be disabled. Skipping security plugin, no data Setting up Update Process Resolving Dependencies Skipping security plugin, no data --> Running transaction check --> Processing Dependency: glibc = 2.5-81 for package: glibc-devel --> Processing Dependency: glibc = 2.5-81 for package: glibc-headers --> Processing Dependency: glibc = 2.5-81 for package: glibc-devel --> Processing Dependency: glibc = 2.5-81 for package: nscd ---> Package glibc.i686 0:2.5-123.0.1.el5_11.1 set to be updated   ... 중략   exiting because --downloadonly specified [root@s-node01 ~]#

 

 

3. 임의 영역으로 Download 한 RPM Package 의 설치 및 기존 Package Backup

 

[root@s-node01 ~]# [root@s-node01 ~]# cd /var/tmp/ [root@s-node01 tmp]# [root@s-node01 tmp]# ls -l total 32776 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root  5647080 Jan 28 03:36 glibc-2.5-123.0.1.el5_11.1.i686.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 root root  5007817 Jan 28 03:36 glibc-2.5-123.0.1.el5_11.1.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 17291271 Jan 28 03:36 glibc-common-2.5-123.0.1.el5_11.1.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 root root  2164300 Jan 28 03:36 glibc-devel-2.5-123.0.1.el5_11.1.i386.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 root root  2547507 Jan 28 03:36 glibc-devel-2.5-123.0.1.el5_11.1.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 root root   616895 Jan 28 03:36 glibc-headers-2.5-123.0.1.el5_11.1.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 root root   182696 Jan 28 03:36 nscd-2.5-123.0.1.el5_11.1.x86_64.rpm [root@s-node01 tmp]# [root@s-node01 tmp]# [root@s-node01 tmp]# [root@s-node01 tmp]# rpm -Uvh --repackage ./* Preparing...                ########################################### [100%] Repackaging...                 1:glibc                  ########################################### [ 14%]    2:glibc                  ########################################### [ 29%]    3:glibc-common           ########################################### [ 43%]    4:glibc-devel            ########################################### [ 57%]    5:glibc-devel            ########################################### [ 71%]    6:glibc-headers          ########################################### [ 86%]    7:nscd                   ########################################### [100%] Upgrading...                   1:glibc-common           ########################################### [ 14%]    2:glibc                  ########################################### [ 29%]    3:nscd                   ########################################### [ 43%]    4:glibc-headers          ########################################### [ 57%]    5:glibc-devel            ########################################### [ 71%]    6:glibc                  ########################################### [ 86%]    7:glibc-devel            ########################################### [100%] [root@s-node01 tmp]# [root@s-node01 tmp]#

 

 

4. 설치된 RPM Package 확인 후 원복필요시 아래와 같이 수행

 

[root@s-node01 ~]# [root@s-node01 ~]# cd /var/spool/repackage/ [root@s-node01 repackage]# [root@s-node01 repackage]# [root@s-node01 repackage]# ll total 32752 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root  5645978 Feb  4 08:02 glibc-2.5-81.i686.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 root root  5006632 Feb  4 08:02 glibc-2.5-81.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 17310480 Feb  4 08:03 glibc-common-2.5-81.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 root root  2148031 Feb  4 08:03 glibc-devel-2.5-81.i386.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 root root  2535423 Feb  4 08:03 glibc-devel-2.5-81.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 root root   610244 Feb  4 08:03 glibc-headers-2.5-81.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 root root   175384 Feb  4 08:03 nscd-2.5-81.x86_64.rpm [root@s-node01 repackage]# [root@s-node01 repackage]# [root@s-node01 repackage]# rpm -Uvh --nomd5 --oldpackage ./* Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]    1:glibc-common           ########################################### [ 14%]    2:glibc                  ########################################### [ 29%]    3:nscd                   ########################################### [ 43%]    4:glibc-headers          ########################################### [ 57%]    5:glibc-devel            ########################################### [ 71%]    6:glibc                  ########################################### [ 86%]    7:glibc-devel            ########################################### [100%] [root@s-node01 repackage]#

 

 

5. Rollback 된 Package 정보 확인

 

[root@s-node01 repackage]# [root@s-node01 repackage]# rpm -qi glibc Name        : glibc                        Relocations: (not relocatable) Version     : 2.5                               Vendor: Oracle America Release     : 81                            Build Date: Sat 25 Feb 2012 09:15:09 AM KST Install Date: Wed 04 Feb 2015 08:04:58 AM KST      Build Host: ca-build10.us.oracle.com Group       : System Environment/Libraries   Source RPM: glibc-2.5-81.src.rpm Size        : 11683801                         License: LGPL Signature   : DSA/SHA1, Sun 26 Feb 2012 09:58:39 AM KST, Key ID 66ced3de1e5e0159 Summary     : The GNU libc libraries. Description : The glibc package contains standard libraries which are used by multiple programs on the system. In order to save disk space and memory, as well as to make upgrading easier, common system code is kept in one place and shared between programs. This particular package contains the most important sets of shared libraries: the standard C library and the standard math library. Without these two libraries, a Linux system will not function. [root@s-node01 repackage]# [root@s-node01 ~]#